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Mojave Rattlesnake
Crotalus scutulatus
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ContextPhylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Squamata Suborder: Serpentes Family: Viperidae |
Distribution
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Physical Characteristics
Adult length is 24-51 in (61-130 cm). This snake is very similar to the western diamondback in color and markings. It differs from the diamondback in having enlarged scales on the snout between the supraoculars. Additionally, the black tail rings are usually narrower than the wider white spaces between these rings and the diamonds or hexagons are sharply outlined.
Geographic Range
Mojave Desert of California, Nevada, and Arizona. Southeast through Chihuahuan Desert grassland of southern New Mexico, western Texas, and northern Mexico as far south as Puebla. From near sea level to around 8300 ft. (2530 m). In the El Paso region, the species is found in the Hueco Mountains - Otero Mesa area. (Stebbins, 1985)
Habitat
Crotalus scutulatus is known to frequent barren desert, grassland, open juniper woodland, and scrubland. They most often occur in open creosote bush or mesquite flatlands, away from areas of broken rocky terrain and dense vegetation.
Diet
Like most large rattlesnakes, the Mojave feeds mostly on mammals (mice, rats, squirrels, rabbits), but will also consume other reptiles.
Reproductive Characteristics
Live bearing. Birth usually occurs from July through August with a brood size that varies from 2-11. Young measure about 10 in (25 cm) long and are similar to adults in color.
Remarks
The venom of this snake may contain a powerful neurotoxin called "Mojave toxin." This snake is highly excitable and extremely dangerous; due to its highly potent venom, this snake is considered to be the most venomous snake in the United States. Longevity in captivity has been as long as 23 years.
References
William D. Beltran, July 1997.
Last Update: 20 November 2000.